Development of HOTS-Based Questions as an Implementation of the Deep Learning Approach in the Merdeka Curriculum

Authors

  • Neng Nurhemah Universitas Pamulang, Indonesia
  • Yatti Rosmiati Universitas Pamulang, Indonesia
  • Mas Fierna Janvierna Lusie Putri Universitas Pamulang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.57235/aurelia.v5i1.7805

Keywords:

HOTS Questions, Deep Learning, Merdeka Curriculum, Teachers, Meaningful Learning

Abstract

The Merdeka Curriculum is designed to develop students who are adaptive, creative, critical, and reflective in facing 21st-century challenges. However, many teachers still experience difficulties in designing assessment instruments based on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS), causing learning activities to focus predominantly on Lower Order Thinking Skills (LOTS). To address this issue, a community service program was implemented to enhance teachers’ understanding of HOTS and deep learning concepts, strengthen their skills in developing HOTS-based assessment questions aligned with Merdeka Curriculum learning outcomes, and encourage their integration into instructional planning. The program was conducted through socialization, counseling, interactive workshops, mentoring, and reflective evaluation, involving teachers from SMK IPTEK, South Tangerang City. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in teachers’ comprehension of HOTS and their ability to design assessment items targeting analytical, evaluative, and creative thinking skills (C4–C6). Teachers also successfully integrated digital tools such as Google Forms and Quizizz for interactive assessments. Overall, the program positively impacted learning quality and supported the realization of the Pancasila Student Profile.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Anderson, L. W., & Krathwohl, D. R. (2001). A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing: A Revision of Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. New York: Longman.

Ausubel, D. P. (2021). The Acquisition and Retention of Knowledge: A Cognitive View. Springer.

Badan Standar, Kurikulum, dan Asesmen Pendidikan. (2022). Keputusan Kepala Badan Standar, Kurikulum, dan Asesmen Pendidikan Nomor 033/H/KR/2022 tentang Capaian Pembelajaran pada Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, Jenjang Pendidikan Dasar, dan Jenjang Pendidikan Menengah. Jakarta: Kemendikbudristek.

Fullan, M. (2019). Deep Learning: Engage the World Change the World. Corwin Press.

Fullan, M., Quinn, J., & McEachen, J. (2017). Deep Learning: Engage the World Change the World. Corwin Press.

Fauziati, E. (2025). Deep Learning: a Theoretical Review / Pembelajaran Mendalam: Tinjauan Teoretis. Suar Betang, 20(1), 123–133. https://doi.org/10.26499/surbet.v20i1.30777

Goodfellow, I., Bengio, Y., & Courville, A. (2016). Deep Learning. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi. (2022a). Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Nomor 5, 7, 16, dan 21 Tahun 2022 tentang Standar Nasional Pendidikan. Jakarta: Kemendikbudristek.

Langer, E. J. (2023). The Power of Mindful Learning. Hachette Books.

Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. (2022). Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 4 Tahun 2022 tentang Perubahan atas Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 57 Tahun 2021 tentang Standar Nasional Pendidikan. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2022 Nomor 10.

Schmidhuber, J. (2015). Deep learning in neural networks: An overview. Neural Networks, 61, 85–117.

Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2003 Nomor 78. Jakarta: Sekretariat Negara.

Downloads

Published

2026-01-31

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): January 2026

Section

Articles

Citation Check

License

  1. Authors certify that the work reported here has not been published before and contains no materials the publication of which would violate any copyright or other personal or proprietary right of any person or entity.
  2. Authors dont transfer or license the copyright of publishing to AURELIA: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia Research to publish the article in any media format, to share, to disseminate, to index, and to maximize the impact of the article in any databases.
  3. Authors hereby dont agree to transfer a copyright for publishing to AURELIA: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia a Publisher of the manuscript. 
  4. Authors reserve the following: 
    1. all proprietary rights other than copyright such as patent rights; 
    2. the right to use all or part of this article in future works of our own such as in books and lectures;
    3. use for presentation in a meeting or conference and distributing copies to attendees; 
    4. use for internal training by author's company;
    5. distribution to colleagues for their research use;
    6. use in a subsequent compilation of the author's works;
    7. inclusion in a thesis or dissertation;
    8. reuse of portions or extracts from the article in other works (with full acknowledgement of final article);
    9. preparation of derivative works (other than commercial purposes) (with full acknowledgement of final article); and
    10. voluntary posting on open web sites operated by author or author’s institution for scholarly purposes, but it should follow the open access license of Creative Common CC BY-NC License.